States Introduction

Direct observations made on and above Earth’s surface show the planet’s climate is significantly changing. Scientific evidence for warming of the climate system is unequivocal and human activities caused most of the observed increase in surface temperature over the last 60 years.(IPCC)

High temperature extremes and heavy precipitation events are increasing, glaciers and snow cover are shrinking, and sea ice is retreating, Seas are warming, rising, and becoming more acidic.